The best medicine for diabetes type 2 will depend on the individual and the severity of their condition. However, some commonly used medications for managing diabetes type 2 include:
Metformin:
This is often the first-line medicine prescribed for type 2 diabetes. It helps lower blood sugar levels. It decreases the amount of glucose produced by the liver and increases the sensitivity of muscle and fat cells to insulin.
Sulfonylurea:
These medicines, such as glipizide and glimepiride, work by stimulating the pancreas to produce more insulin.
DPP-4 inhibitors:
These medicines, such as sitagliptin and saxagliptin, help increase the levels of natural hormones called incretins. Which help the pancreas produce more insulin and decrease the amount of glucose produced by the liver.
GLP-1 receptor agonists:
These medicines, such as exenatide and liraglutide, work by mimicking the effects of the incretin hormones a. It helps increase insulin production and decrease glucose production by the liver.
SGLT2 inhibitors:
These medicines, such as dapagliflozin and empagliflozin, help the kidneys remove excess glucose from the body through the urine.
These medicines may not work for everyone and may cause side effects. Your doctor will work with you to find the best medicine plan that is tailored to your needs and medical history.
It's also keeping in mind that along with medicine, maintaining a healthy diet, regular exercise, and monitoring of blood sugar levels are also important.
What is diabetes type-2
Type 2 diabetes is a serious condition that affects the way your body processes blood sugar. It is the most common form of diabetes, accounting for about 90-95% of diabetes cases.
Normally, your body uses a hormone called insulin to help regulate the amount of sugar in your blood. In type 2 diabetes, the body either doesn't produce enough insulin, or the cells in the body are resistant to the insulin that is produced. This leads to an accumulation of sugar in the blood. That can cause a number of health problems over time.
The main risk factors for type 2 diabetes include being overweight or obese, having a family history of diabetes, having high blood pressure, and having low levels of physical activity. Other factors, such as age, race, and certain medical conditions, can also increase the risk of developing type 2 diabetes.
Symptoms of type 2 diabetes can include increased thirst, frequent urination, fatigue, blurred vision, slow-healing wounds, and tingling or numbness in the hands and feet. However, many people with type 2 diabetes may not have any symptoms at all, or may not notice them initially.
Type 2 diabetes is a serious condition that requires ongoing management and can lead to serious complications if left untreated, such as heart disease, kidney disease, nerve damage, blindness, and amputations.
How does diabetes medicine work?
The various medicines used to treat type 2 diabetes works in different ways to help lower blood sugar levels and manage the condition.
Metformin, for example, is a medicine that helps lower blood sugar levels by decreasing the amount of glucose produced by the liver and increasing the sensitivity of muscle and fat cells to insulin. This medicine works by activating an enzyme called AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), which helps regulate glucose metabolism.
Sulfonylureas, such as glipizide and glimepiride, work by stimulating the pancreas to produce more insulin, which helps move sugar from the blood into the cells where it can be used for energy. These medicines help increase the amount of insulin that is released in response to a rise in blood sugar levels.
DPP-4 inhibitors, such as sitagliptin and saxagliptin, help increase the levels of natural hormones called incretins. That helps the pancreas produce more insulin and decreases the amount of glucose produced by the liver.
GLP-1 receptor agonists, such as exenatide and liraglutide, work by mimicking the effects of the incretin hormones and help increase insulin production and decrease glucose production by the liver.
SGLT2 inhibitors, such as dapagliflozin and empagliflozin, work by inhibiting the activity of an enzyme called sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2), which is responsible for reabsorbing glucose from the urine back into the bloodstream. By inhibiting this enzyme, these medicines help the kidneys remove excess glucose from the body through the urine.
It's important to note that medicines alone may not be enough to effectively manage type 2 diabetes and that lifestyle changes such as maintaining a healthy diet, regular exercise,
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